Technical requirements for the SkyFreighter
as defined by our customers
The
technical
section,
provided
by
Millennium
Airship
Inc.
(MAS),
first
addresses
the
must
have
system
attributes
required
to
meet
overall
customer
system
requirements
identified by their top level requirements.
Notional System Concept
MAS
recognize
that
the
world
requires
a
revolutionary
hybrid
heavy
lift
Airship
to
fulfill
21st
Century
transformation
mission
requirements.
These
requirements
result
in
the
need
for
an
air
vehicle
that
can
provide
heavy
lift
global
reach
transport
of
varying
weights,
sizes
and
volume.
MAS
will
start
with
a
50
ton
lift
vehicle
and
will
base
the
production
of
larger
air
vehicles
on
future
demands;
however
we
have
already
been
queried
on
a
500
ton
lift
vehicle.
Once
the
50
ton
vehicle
is
designed
and
in
initial
testing
a
decision
will
be
made
on
larger
sizes.
The
SkyFreighter
50
ton
aircraft
proposed
operating
perimeters
will be as follows:
Cargo weight - 70 tons
Cargo volume - 14 TEU's
Maximum range - 2000 Nautical miles @ 50 ton payload
Cruise speed - 80 kts
Landing zone - 2000 ft diameter circle
Fuel - Jet-A
Obstacles - 3 foot (including water)
Global Distances or HHLAV Deployment Possibilities
The
greatest
drawback
of
past
Airship
technology
has
been
the
need
for
a
ground
crew
at
an
off-airport
reception
site
for
tethering
infrastructure
or
for
ballast
offsets
to
control
air
vehicle
buoyancy
during
loading
and
unloading
or
ground
activities.
HHLAV
needs
none
of
these
large
infrastructure
requirements
at
the
deployment
point
or
at
the
home
operations
or
provisioning
end.
HHLAV
is
the
design
concept
for
a
state
of
the
art
LTA
air
vehicle
developed
by
Millennium
Airship,
which
does
not
require
any
infrastructure
for
landing
or
take
off
or
loading
and
unloading operations.
Vehicle Objectives and Mission Description
The
customer
will
participate
with
MAS
to
review
and
validate
the
critical
system
attributes
to
meet
their
overall
requirements.
MAS
propose
these
generic
top
tier
requirements
to
support
the
achievement
of
essential
customer mission priorities for this air vehicle.
Ballast Exchange
Once
unloaded
the
HHLAV
should
be
able
to
fly
Very
light
under
altitude
controlling
vectored
thrust
to
the
nearest
source,
which
could
be
many
hundreds
of
miles
away
where
ballast
can
be
collected.
At
this
time,
we
are
anticipating
the
removal
of
re-cyclable
materials
and
waste
from
environmentally
sensitive
and
remote
locations
on
the
return
leg
of
each
freight
delivery.
In
the
event
that
this
cannot
occur,
we
anticipate
the
use
of
water
bladders
that
can
be
loaded
at
the
remote
site
via
local
water
sources
and stand alone pumping systems.
Ability to (Maintain) Position
during Loading and Unloading
HHLAV
will
be
equipped
with
an
undercarriage
capable
of
bearing
50-70
tons
of
cargo.
Undercarriage
trade
studies
should
be
conducted
to
determine
the
best
materials,
architecture,
and
geometry
for
load
bearing
and
salt-water
immersion
requirements
to
be
used
on
HHLAV.
Analysis
will
also
be
done
to
optimize
the
undercarriage
strength
for
rough
terrain
to
ensure
the
gear
will
tolerate
the
landing
zone
conditions
to
be
encountered
at
a
given
point
of
insertion
(minimum
3-foot
obstacle
clearance).
However,
it
is
presumed
that
no
undercarriage
system
of
a
HHLAV
air
vehicle
will
survive
even
a
Short
Take
Off/Vertical
Landing
(STOVL)
landing
that
makes
contact
with
3+
foot
high
obstacles when the air vehicle weighs 50+ tons.
Low-Speed Controlled Maneuver
To
meet
operational
requirements,
the
HHLAV
air
vehicle
must
be
controllable
at
low
speeds
and
under
the
control
of the pilot.
Landing Site Flexibility
Runway
infrastructures
are
not
required
for
the
HHLAV
as
the
lift
provided
by
the
envelope
and
Thrust
Wings
capability
will
make
near
vertical
takeoff
and
landing
a
reality.
HHLAV's
keel/hull
and
major
structural
components
should
be
constructed
primarily
of
advanced
carbon
fiber
composite,
along
with
metal
components
necessary,
to
provide
lightness,
rigidity
and
strength
as
well
as
ease
of
maintenance.
These
materials
will
withstand
repeated
landings
into
unimproved
landing
sites,
including
vertical
obstacles
3-feet
high,
and
sea-state
3
sea
conditions
allowing
the
HHLAV
to
land
and
load
or
unload
on
either
water or land, even in adverse conditions.
Ability to Operate in Adverse Weather
HHLAV's
cockpit
should
be
equipped
with
all
standard
FAA
required
instrumentation
including
satellite
weather
tracking
and
moving
map
equipment,
including
Terrain
Avoidance
Warning
System
(TAWS),
and
advanced
redundant
integrated
flight
management
system.
Thus
HHLAV
will
be
as
able
as
present
day
commercial
air
vehicle
to
avoid
weather
systems.
HHLAV
air
vehicle
are
inherently
stable
in
flight
and
are
not
subject
to
turbulence
in
the
same
manner
as
fixed
wing
air
vehicle.
The
massive
size
and
slow
speed
of
the
air
vehicle
also
minimizes
buffeting
due
to
air
turbulence.
HHLAV
will
be
lightning
protected.
Its
sheer
size
will
have
a
mitigating
effect
on
forces placed on the vehicle itself.
HHLAV
should
not
require
infrastructure
for
protection
during
normal
operations
or
for
maintenance.
The
preferred
material
being
examined
for
HHLAV's
envelope
needs
to
deter
atmospheric
pollutants
and
retain
its
flexibility in both cold and hot extreme weather conditions.
Payload Volume
Payload
size
is
an
important
system
attribute
priority.
Expected
load
size
and
weight
depends
upon
the
finished
size
of
the
air
vehicle.
Interior
cargo
bay
space
can
be
expanded
and
configured
to
fit
the
corresponding
size
and
needs of most any transportation needs.
HHLAV
models
are
expected
to
range
in
sizes
up
to
400+
feet
in
length
capable
of
lifting
up
to
70
tons
of
fully
assembled
materiel
and
personnel.
Loading
bay
doors/ramps
front
and
rear
will
be
proportionate
to
the
size
of
the
cargo
bay.
The
doors
will
provide
a
shielded
access
to
the
cargo
bay
for
roll
on,
roll
off
operation.
The
side
doors facilitate dockside loading and unloading.
Operating Speed
HHLAV
is
expected
to
travel
at
speeds
up
to
100
mph
and
is
capable
of
traveling
up
to
2,000
total
miles
without
re-
fueling;
HHLAV
realizes
significant
timesaving
in
turn-
around time while fulfilling mission requirements.
Operating Altitude
HHLAV's
standard
operating
altitude
of
10,000
feet
or
lower
will
not
require
cabin
pressurization.
However,
it
should
be
able
to
operate
at
altitudes
as
high
as
20,000
feet with crew and passengers on supplemental oxygen.
Load and Unload Time
The
time
required
to
load
or
unload
cargo
will
be
primarily
dependent
upon
the
size,
amount
and
nature
of
the
cargo.
The
loadmaster
and
the
power/systems
engineer
to
facilitate
the
process
as
well
as
reduce
docking
time
required
for
sea
operations
will
oversee
loading
and
unloading.
Roll-on,
roll-off
and
ramp-pull
capabilities
both
front
and
rear
will
facilitate
speedy
loading
and
unloading
of cargo and personnel.
Mission-Tailorable Payload Area
The
cargo
bay
should
be
built
to
be
mission
diverse
through
the
configuration
of
motorized
blocked
pulley
systems,
paddock
tie-downs
and
container
lockdowns.
Baseline
studies
should
be
done
for
the
fabrication
of
modular
sleeping,
kitchen,
and
restroom
units
for
personnel
under
transport,
humanitarian
relief
efforts
and
ships
at
sea
re-supply
efforts.
Additional
pre-fabricated
units,
such
as
clean
room
medical
operating
rooms
required for special purposes are available.
Range
Because
LTA
technology
does
not
require
fuel
to
create
and
maintain
lift
under
normal
circumstances,
fuel
can
be
conserved
to
create
forward
movement
alone.
Consequently
the
ability
to
travel
global
distances
un-
refueled
has
been
a
long-standing
reality
of
LTA
air
vehicle.
The
weight
of
the
load
becomes
less
dependent
upon
fuel
availability
and
more
dependent
upon
lift
capacity
provided
by
air
vehicle
buoyancy.
Payload
weight
will
have
minor
trade
off
effects
on
distance
and
speed
of
the
air
vehicle.
Thrust
expended
to
offset
ballast
during
in-theater
operations will however, impact fuel consumption.
Take Off/Landing Distance
It
has
always
been
MAS
desire
to
have
vertical
take
off
and
landing
capabilities
to
maximize
the
number
of
available
landing
zones
to
use
this
freight
moving
system.
However,
we
fully
understand
the
additional
costs
and
development
time
to
make
this
a
reality.
Therefore
having
a
loading
zone
approximately
2000
feet
by
2000
feet
with
surface
heights
ranging
no
higher
than
3
feet
is
within
acceptable customer requirements.
Survivability
HHLAV
will
need
to
be
built
to
be
extremely
survivable.
The
envelope's
internal
low
pressure
makes
the
effect
of
holes
created
by
small
arms
fire
less
problematic.
LTA
air
vehicle
have
been
known
to
remain
aloft
even
with
bullet
holes
in
the
envelope,
yet
should
the
envelope
be
damaged
beyond
its
ability
to
maintain
altitude
the
air
vehicle
will
descend
rather
than
plummet,
allowing
the
flight
crews
to
direct
and
choose
the
landing
area.
Additionally,
HHLAV's
amphibious
nature
permits
the
pilot
to
choose
among
many
more available locations for emergency set-down.
Endurance
Under
conditions
of
neutral
buoyancy,
HHLAV
air
vehicle
should
be
able
to
remain
aloft
as
long
as
the
lift
provided
by
the
lifting
gas
is
maintained.
Given
that
the
buoyancy
system
does
not
have
any
problems,
then
the
next
mechanical
system
subject
to
maintenance
problems
would
be
the
engines.
The
pacing
factor
for
most
air
vehicle,
as
far as endurance is concerned, is fuel.
Payload Capacity (Weight)
An
additional
important
system
attribute
priority
in
a
customer's
point-to-point
requirements
is
the
weight
the
air
vehicle
can
carry.
Again,
expected
load
size
and
payload
weight
capacity
depends
upon
the
finished
size
of
the
air
vehicle.
HHLAV's
finished
size;
however,
is
a
function
of
needs rather than design limitations.
In-flight Mission Adaptability
The
loadmaster
crew
will
be
trained
to
control
logistical
organization
of
the
payload.
Initial
organization
will
account
for
total
mission
requirements
and
allow
for
re-organization
of
priority
items
to
be
loaded
or
unloaded
at
each
landing.
Large
cargo
bay
doors
and
ramps
located
at
the
front,
rear
and
both
sides
of
the
air
vehicle
reduce
the
number
and
degree
of
internal
moves
required
while
in-flight.
The
power/systems
engineer
will
coordinate
payload/ballast
requirements
with
the
senior
loadmaster
to
assure
the
Center
of
Gravity
(CG)
envelope
is
maintained
while
in-
flight.
Life Cycle Cost Considerations
MAS
also
acknowledge
that
life
cycle
cost
is
a
major
consideration
in
procuring
a
large-scale
air
vehicle,
such
as
HHLAV.
With
that
in
mind,
our
design
priorities
will
include
keeping
the
life
cycle
cost
as
low
as
possible
as
well
as
designing the air vehicle for ease of maintenance.
Sortie Generation Rates
In
addition
to
weather
and
maintenance
issues,
sortie
generation
rates
are
dependent
upon
many
variables
not
considered
here.
However,
as
noted
in
paragraph
Ability
to
Operate
in
Adverse
Weather,
HHLAV's
structure
should
be
minimally
affected
by
inclement
weather.
Due
to
the
robust
nature
of
the
HHLAV,
regularly
scheduled
maintenance
rotations
can
be
performed
without
additional
protective
infrastructure.
Parts
availability
will
have
an
impact
on
sortie
rates
though
no
more
so
than
that
experienced
by
other
commercial
air
vehicle.
Thus,
HHLAV
is
expected
to
meet
or
exceed
sortie
generation
rates
required
by
the
customer.
The
time
and
material
saved
by
eliminating
delays
and
costs
at
multiple
transfer
points
will
also
serve
to augment sortie generation rates.
Life Cycle Cost and Operational Considerations
The
customer
is
interested
in
unique
collaborative
design
methodologies,
modeling
and
simulation
tools,
process
capabilities,
concepts
and
innovative
teaming
arrangements,
which
will
reduce
the
costs
of
product
development,
manufacturing
and
operations
and
support.
MAS
propose
several
innovative
concepts
that
will
enhance
fiscal
responsibility
and
prudence
in
multiple
areas
of
the
HHLAV program.
The
greatest
desire
of
air
cargo
freight
companies
is
the
global
point-to-point,
or
true
origin
to
true
destination,
delivery
of
large
volume
cargo
at
minimal
cost.
A
robust
structure
capable
of
withstanding
hard
use,
adverse
weather
and
unimproved
landing
zone
conditions
is
required
in
order
to
meet
the
customer's
needs
with
regard
to total life costs.
Skyfreighter Canada Ltd